Diverging and converging patterns forming on the surface of solidifying liquid metals resemble plotlines in a complex historical novel, in a new international study. The cyclic patterns observed are ...

(a) Unit optimization process with a hybrid continuous-discrete PSO algorithm. The particulars of the yellow and green boxes in the optimization are elaborated in (b) and (c), respectively. (b) The ...

(Nanowerk Spotlight) Advanced electronics manufacturing demands precise control over multiple layers of functional materials. Each layer - whether conducting electricity, emitting light, or processing ...